Last updated: December 3, 2025

Technical Indicators List: 25 Tools Every Trader Must Know

technical indicators list

Trading charts can be confusing at first glance, but they contain valuable information. Indicators are the tools that help you decode the market’s story. Instead of trying to learn them all, you only need to master a few key indicators from each category.

This guide will introduce the technical indicators list with the 26 best tools, providing in-depth knowledge and real-world insights to help you build a successful trading strategy.

Key Takeaways

  • Trend Indicators: Simple Moving Average (SMA), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), Supertrend Indicator, Ichimoku Cloud, Aroon, Parabolic SAR.
  • Momentum Indicators: Relative Strength Index (RSI), Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD), Stochastic Oscillator, Rate of Change (ROC), Average Directional Index (ADX).
  • Volume Indicators: On-Balance Volume (OBV), Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP), Money Flow Index (MFI), Chaikin (CMF), A/D Line.
  • Volatility Indicators: Bollinger Bands, Average True Range (ATR), Donchian Channel, Keltner Channel, Standard Deviation Indicator
  • Breadth & Sentiment Indicators: Advance/Decline Line, Percentage of Stocks Above Moving Average, New Highs-New Lows Indicator, McClellan Oscillator, Arms Index (TRIN).

1. What are technical indicators?

Technical indicators are mathematical calculations based on a security’s past data, like price and volume. They are plotted as lines or bars on a chart to help traders interpret the market and anticipate future price movements.

Think of them as tools that help you see the bigger picture. They give you an objective way to identify trends, gauge momentum, which is the core of technical analysis. Ultimately, they help you make more objective decisions and give you a statistical edge in your trading.

2. Top trend indicators for identifying and following market direction

If momentum is the “speedometer” of the market, then the trend indicator is the GPS navigation system. Their sole purpose is to filter out the short-term noise and show you the main, underlying direction of the market’s travel.

Mastering a good trend indicator is fundamental. From my experience, it’s the first tool a new trader should put on their chart from any list.

2.1. Simple Moving Average (SMA)

Simple Moving Average (SMA) indicator
Simple Moving Average (SMA) indicator

Let’s start with the original and most straightforward trend tool: the Simple Moving Average.

  • What it’s for: To generate a smoothed-out average price for identifying the long-term trend.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily, Weekly.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The Simple Moving Average is the foundational trend indicator. Its calculation involves taking the average closing price over a defined number of periods (such as 50 or 200). It’s a slow, steady, and reliable tool.

Example: For long-term investors, the 200-day SMA on the S&P 500 index is a critical benchmark. A common disciplined rule is to only consider long positions when the index is trading above this line, ensuring alignment with the major market current.

2.2. Exponential Moving Average (EMA)

Exponential Moving Average (EMA) indicator
Exponential Moving Average (EMA) indicator

The EMA is the SMA’s faster, more nimble cousin, designed to react more quickly to recent price changes.

  • What it’s for: To provide a faster-reacting average price, perfect for pinpointing dynamic support and resistance.
  • Best timeframes: M15, H1, H4.
  • Complexity: Beginner to intermediate

The EMA functions like the SMA but gives more significance to recent prices, which enables it to respond more rapidly to changes in the trend.

Example: During a strong intraday trend on a pair like GBP/JPY, the price will often pull back to the 21-period EMA on the H1 chart. A bullish pin bar forming right at this rising EMA provides a high-probability signal to join the trend with momentum on your side.

2.3. Supertrend Indicator

Supertrend indicator
Supertrend indicator

For traders who love a clean, visual signal that removes all guesswork, the Supertrend has become a modern classic.

  • What it’s for: Providing a clear, color-coded, and fluctuation-adjusted trend signal.
  • Best timeframes: All timeframes.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The Supertrend plots a single line on the chart that is either green (uptrend) or red (downtrend) and automatically acts as a trailing stop loss.

Example: During Bitcoin’s 2024 bull run, a trader holding a long position could use the Supertrend on the daily chart as an objective trailing stop loss. The rule would be to simply hold the position as long as the Supertrend remains green and exit when it flips red, ensuring emotion-free decisions.

2.4. Ichimoku Cloud

Ichimoku Cloud indicator
Ichimoku Cloud indicator

From the image above, you can see that the Ichimoku indicator is a complete, all-in-one trading system, but its complex appearance demands patience from the trader.

  • What it’s for: An all-in-one system providing information on trend and future support/resistance.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Advanced.

At first glance, the Ichimoku Cloud looks like a chaotic mess of lines. But it’s actually a complete, self-contained trading system composed of five distinct components: the conversion line, the base line, leading span A, leading span B, and the lagging span.

For beginners, the most important part is the “Cloud” (or Kumo). This is the shaded area on the chart formed between leading span A and leading span B. The Cloud is crucial because its color, position relative to price, and thickness immediately reveal the current trend direction and market volatility.

Example: An analyst looking at the daily chart of USD/JPY might observe that the price is trading firmly above the Kumo (Cloud). This single observation is enough to establish a primary bullish bias, prompting them to only look for long setups on lower timeframes.

2.5. Aroon Indicator

The Aroon is a powerful tool for identifying the beginning of a new trend and confirming its strength.

  • What it’s for: To detect the start of a new trend and identify potential trading opportunities.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily, Weekly.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

It consists of two lines, ‘Aroon Up’ and ‘Aroon Down’ which oscillate between 0 and 100. The Aroon Up line tracks the strength of the uptrend, measuring how long it has been since the highest price was recorded, while the Aroon Down line tracks the strength of the downtrend by measuring how long it has been since the lowest price was recorded.

Example: A trader observes a stock that has been in a long consolidation. When the Aroon Up line crosses above 70 and the Aroon Down line drops below 30, it signals that bullish is taking control and a new trend is likely starting, providing a high-confidence entry signal.

2.6. Parabolic SAR

Parabolic SAR indicator
Parabolic SAR indicator

Parabolic SAR indicator is less about identifying the overall trend and more about knowing when to exit it, acting as an aggressive trailing stop.

  • What it’s for: To pinpoint potential exit and entry points during a strong, fast-moving trend.
  • Best timeframes: H1, H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

The Parabolic SAR (Stop and Reverse) plots a series of dots on the chart, either above or below the price candles. It’s designed specifically for trending markets.

As an example of the Parabolic SAR’s function, consider the parabolic trend seen in NVIDIA (NVDA) stock during early 2024. The indicator is an excellent tool for managing the trade. The dots trailing below the price would keep a trader in the long position, and the first dot flipping to appear above the price would serve as a clear, objective signal to take profit (Fidelity Investments, 2024).

3. Top momentum indicators every trader must know

Momentum indicators are a market’s “speedometers.” They don’t simply tell you a trend’s direction; they inform you about the force and conviction behind it. This raw market drive is what traders want to capture. Learning to use them is like feeling a car’s engine, not merely steering its wheel.

Here is the essential indicators list that, from my experience, form the bedrock of any solid technical analysis. We begin our list with these crucial tools.

3.1. Relative Strength Index (RSI)

The technical indicators list includes the Relative Strength Index (RSI)
The technical indicators list includes the Relative Strength Index (RSI)

Relative Strength Index is arguably the most well-known and widely used oscillator in the world.

  • What it’s for: Measuring the speed of price changes to identify “overbought” and “oversold” conditions.
  • Best timeframes: H1, H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The RSI is a classic indicator and a cornerstone of modern technical analysis. Think of it as the market’s thermometer.

This simple oscillator moves between a fixed scale of 0 and 100, and its primary job is to tell you when a market is getting too “hot” (a condition known as overbought, typically above 70) or too “cold” (oversold, typically below 30).

From my own trading, its most powerful signal is divergence. For example, I was watching Gold (XAU/USD) make a new high on the H4 chart, but I noticed the RSI only reached a level of 65, much lower than its previous peak of 78.

This classic bearish divergence was a major warning sign that the buying pressure was fading, and it gave me the confidence to avoid a new long position and prepare for potential trend reversals.

Example: To illustrate the power of divergence, consider a hypothetical scenario. During the Q4 2024 downtrend in crude oil, the price made a new low, but the RSI formed a higher low around the 25 level. This classic bullish divergence would provide a powerful early warning that selling pressure is exhausted, signaling a potential trend reversal or corrective bounce (Wilder, 1978).

3.2. Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)

Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) indicator
Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) indicator

MACD is the go-to indicator for understanding the power and health of sustained momentum. It works by calculating the difference between the 26-period and 12-period Exponential Moving Averages (EMA) to form the MACD Line. This line’s relationship with its 9-period EMA (Signal Line) creates the crossovers used for entry/exit signals. The Histogram then visually tracks the strength (or speed of change) of that momentum.

  • What it’s for: Identifying the direction and strength of the primary trend.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily, Weekly.
  • Complexity: Beginner to Intermediate.

The MACD functions as the engine’s power gauge, measuring the raw force behind a trend. While slightly slower than the RSI, this deliberate pacing is the greatest strength, allowing the indicator to filter out minor noise and focus on major.

Example: In a strong uptrend, a currency pair often experiences a minor pullback. During this correction, traders watch for the Moving Average Convergence Divergence line to cross back above its signal line. This bullish crossover provides a high-probability signal that the pullback is over and the primary trend is likely to resume.

3.3. Stochastic Oscillator

Stochastic Oscillator indicator
Stochastic Oscillator indicator

When the market starts moving sideways and trend indicators become less reliable, the Stochastic Oscillator often becomes a trader’s best friend.

  • What it’s for: Identifying overbought (above 80)/oversold (below 20) levels, specifically in ranging or sideways markets.
  • Best timeframes: M15, H1, H4.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

This indicator is the “bouncing ball” indicator, an extremely sensitive tool designed to catch short-term shifts, making it perfect for when a market is stuck in a range.

Example: A currency pair like AUD/NZD often enters prolonged ranging periods. As price tests the top of its established range on the H4 chart, a bearish crossover of this indicator lines above the 80 level offers a strong, objective signal for a short trade targeting the middle of the range.

3.4. Rate of Change (ROC)

Rate of Change (ROC) indicator
Rate of Change (ROC) indicator

For traders who want a simple, unfiltered look at velocity without any extra smoothing or complex calculations, the ROC is the perfect tool.

  • What it’s for: Measuring the pure, unfiltered percentage change in price.
  • Best timeframes: All timeframes, but can be very choppy on lower ones.
  • Complexity: Beginner to intermediate

The ROC is the market’s raw speedometer. Lacking the complex smoothing of the RSI or MACD, this indicator simply answers the question: “How much faster or slower is the price now compared to 12 candles ago?” This indicator helps confirm a trend’s strength by identifying strong volume patterns.

Example: When Tesla (TSLA) broke out from its major consolidation pattern in late 2023, the price breakout was accompanied by the ROC line surging to a multi-month high. This confirmed that the move was backed by high momentum (Fidelity Investments, 2024).

Note:This is a theoretical illustration of a technical analysis application used to demonstrate the ROC concept.

3.5. Average Directional Index (ADX)

Average Directional Index (ADX) indicator
Average Directional Index (ADX) indicator

As you can see from the chart above: ADX is a truly unique indicator that operates differently from all the others, and understanding its specific purpose is crucial.

  • What it’s for: To measure the strength of a trend, completely independent of its direction.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

Often misunderstood by beginners, the ADX is a unique indicator that I use as my primary “market condition” filter. Its sole purpose is to answer a single question: “Is the market currently trending, or is it moving sideways?”

Example: We have a hard rule: We will never take a trend-following signal, such as a moving average crossover, if the ADX is below 25. During the choppy, sideways market on EUR/USD in Summer 2024, this single filter saved me from countless false breakouts in a lifeless market.

4. Volume-based technical indicators list

If the trend indicator is the engine of your analysis, then the volume indicator is the fuel gauge. Price may move in any direction, but volume is the component that confirms whether there is genuine conviction, or “smart money”, powering the move.

Ignoring volume is one of the biggest mistakes a new trader can make. A price move on low volume is often a trap. Here are the five most essential indicators to help you read the market’s true intent.

4.1. On-Balance Volume (OBV)

On-Balance Volume (OBV) indicator
On-Balance Volume (OBV) indicator

Developed by the legendary Joe Granville, the OBV is the grandfather of all volume indicators.

  • What it’s for: Tracking the cumulative flow of buying and selling pressure.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The OBV maintains a continuous running total: when price closes up, the day’s volume is added to the total; when it closes down, it is subtracted. This is different from the A/D Line, which focuses on the close within the day’s range.

Example: To see how the On-Balance Volume (OBV) functions, consider this hypothetical case. In mid-2024, a particular stock was making new all-time highs. However, the OBV line was failing to confirm those highs, creating a bearish divergence. This was a red flag that institutional ‘smart money’ was likely distributing shares, and the trend was weak underneath the surface (Investopedia, 2024).

4.2. Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP)

Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) indicator
Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) indicator

This is a non-negotiable tool for intraday traders and provides a glimpse into where large institutions might be active.

  • What it’s for: To determine the “true” average price by factoring in both volume and price data.
  • Best timeframes: M1, M5, M15 (strictly an intraday tool).
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

For intraday traders, the VWAP is an indispensable tool. Unlike a simple moving average, it gives more weight to the price levels where the most volume was traded.

Example: An intraday trader watching the M5 chart of the QQQ ETF would use the VWAP as a key level. A common rule is to only initiate long trades when the price is above the VWAP line, as this suggests they are trading on the same side as the day’s dominant institutional flow.

4.3. Money Flow Index (MFI)

Money Flow Index (MFI) indicator
Money Flow Index (MFI) indicator

Think of the MFI as a supercharged version of the RSI. It asks the same questions about overbought/oversold, but adds fund flow to the equation.

  • What it’s for: To function as an RSI that is weighted with volume data.
  • Best timeframes: H1, H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

The MFI is frequently referred to as the “volume-weighted RSI”. It works just like the RSI, moving between 0 and 100 and identifying overbought (above 80) and oversold (below 20) conditions.

The key difference is that it incorporates volume into its calculation. This can make its divergence signals even more powerful. A standard RSI divergence is a sign of weakening momentum; an MFI divergence is a sign of a drop in the money flow backing the trend.

Example: The price of a currency pair is pushing into a key resistance zone. A standard RSI might show overbought conditions. However, if the MFI is also showing a bearish divergence, it provides a stronger signal, as it indicates the price is rising on weakening capital flow.

4.4. Chaikin Money Flow (CMF)

Chaikin Money Flow (CMF) indicator
Chaikin Money Flow (CMF) indicator

Developed by Marc Chaikin, this indicator is a simple yet effective way to measure the flow of money into or out of an asset over a specific period.

  • What it’s for: Helping traders identify whether accumulation (buying) or distribution (selling) is occurring by monitoring the flow of money into and out of a security, using a scale from +1 to -1
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

The CMF is a simple oscillator that moves above and below a zero line. It’s based on a simple but powerful idea: if a stock closes in the upper half of its daily range on high volume, it’s a sign of accumulation (buying).

A CMF reading consistently above the zero line is a sign of persistent buying pressure and confirms a healthy uptrend.

Example: A swing trader identifies a bullish breakout on a stock chart. Before entering, they check the CMF. If the CMF is well above the zero line, it confirms that there is strong, positive support for the breakout, increasing the trade’s probability.

4.5. Accumulation/Distribution Line (A/D Line)

Accumulation/Distribution Line (A/D Line) indicator
Accumulation/Distribution Line (A/D Line) indicator

The A/D Line is another powerful tool for tracking capital flow, but it answers a slightly different question than the OBV.

  • What it’s for: Assessing the cumulative capital flow by comparing the closing price to its trading range.
  • Best timeframes: Daily, Weekly.
  • Complexity: Advanced.

The A/D Line is similar to OBV but with a key difference. While the latter looks at the close versus the previous close, A/D Line looks at where the price closed within the day’s own high-low range.

If the “smart money” is accumulating (buying) or distributing (selling), a rising A/D Line while the price is going sideways is a classic sign of bullish accumulation.

Example: Let’s look at a hypothetical example to understand the Accumulation/Distribution (A/D) Line’s function: During Q2 2024, a stock traded in a flat, sideways range for several weeks. However, during this time, the A/D Line was in a steady uptrend. This signaled quiet accumulation by institutional investors, often preceding a powerful breakout to the upside (Investopedia, 2024).

5. Top volatility indicators to measure market fluctuations

Volatility indicators are absolutely essential for risk management and for identifying specific trading opportunities.

From my experience, understanding the market’s current fluctuation is the key to deciding your position size and where to place your stop loss. Any good indicators list must include tools for this job.

5.1. Bollinger Bands

Bollinger Bands indicator
Bollinger Bands indicator

Developed by the legendary John Bollinger, this is arguably the most famous indicator in the world.

  • What it’s for: Measuring price fluctuation around a central moving average.
  • Best timeframes: All timeframes.
  • Complexity: Beginner to Intermediate.

Bollinger Bands consist of three lines: a simple moving average in the middle, and two outer bands that are typically set at two standard deviations away from the average.

Example: As described by its creator, the most famous signal is the “Squeeze”. When the indicator on a daily chart contracts to its narrowest point in months, it signals extremely low periods of calm and warns that a significant breakout is likely imminent.

5.2. Average True Range (ATR)

Average True Range (ATR) indicator
Average True Range (ATR) indicator

The ATR is not a tool for generating entry signals; rather, it is one of the most critical indicators for effective risk management.

  • What it’s for: Measuring the average size of the recent price candles, identifying breakouts and trend strength. 
  • Best timeframes: All timeframes.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The ATR provides a straightforward measurement of the average trading range of an asset over a given period. If the 14-period ATR on EUR/USD is 25 pips, it means that, on average, the pair has been moving 25 pips from high to low on each candle.

Example: A trader entering a long position on Gold (XAU/USD) notes that the 14-period ATR on the daily chart is $25. Following a common risk management rule, they might place their stop loss at a distance of 2x the current ATR value, or $50, below their entry price.

5.3. Donchian Channel

Donchian Channel indicator
Donchian Channel indicator

Created by futures trader Richard Donchian, this is a very simple but powerful channel-based indicator.

  • What it’s for: To plot the highest high and the lowest low over a specified number of periods.
  • Best timeframes: H4, Daily, Weekly
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The Donchian Channel functions by drawing a line at the highest price and another at the lowest price over a set number of periods (usually 20), thereby forming a clear channel where the price has been trading.

Example: The famous “Turtle Trading” system, taught by Richard Dennis, was built on this indicator. The core rule was to buy when the price made a new 20-day high (breaking the upper Donchian channel) and sell when it made a new 20-day low.

5.4. Keltner Channel

Keltner Channel indicator
Keltner Channel indicator

Looking at the chart above, it’s clear that The Keltner Channel is a smoother, more refined version of a price range channel, as its EMA middle line reacts more smoothly to price changes and ATR-based band width reduces noise while highlighting volatility. 

  • What it’s for: A smoother, ATR-based Keltner channel identifies trends, signals breakout and measures current market volatility
  • Best timeframes: All timeframes.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

This indicator features a central moving average flanked by two outer bands. However, instead of using standard deviation, it uses the ATR to calculate the width of the bands.

Example: In a sustained uptrend, the Keltner Channel provides excellent dynamic support. A high-probability entry signal occurs when the price pulls back to the central moving average of the channel and forms a bullish candlestick pattern.

5.5. Standard Deviation Indicator

Standard Deviation indicator
Standard Deviation indicator

Standard Deviation is the purest statistical measure of price swing available to a trader.

  • What it’s for: Measuring market volatility, identifying potential trends and breakouts.
  • Best timeframes: All timeframes.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

The indicator doesn’t care about highs or lows; it only measures how far the price is deviating from its own average.

Its most powerful signal is spotting periods of extreme calm. A flat Standard Deviation indicator line near a historical low suggests that the market is “coiled” like a spring.

For a clear example of how volatility is measured, examine this hypothetical case: Before a major news announcement like the US Non-Farm Payrolls, a trader might notice the Standard Deviation indicator on the EUR/USD H1 chart has fallen to an extreme low. This signals a state of market calm and warns that a period of high fluctuation is highly probable after the news release (Fidelity Investments, 2024).

6. Top breadth and sentiment indicators to gauge overall market health

The indicators we’ve discussed so far are brilliant for analyzing a single asset, like a currency pair or an individual stock. But sometimes, you need to understand the health of the entire market. Is the bull run being powered by just a handful of large-cap names, or is the broader market moving in unison?

These indicators help to visualize the underlying forces of supply and demand. Market breadth and sentiment indicators give you this “big picture” view, which is essential for understanding market psychology. These are crucial stock indicators explained for stock market traders.

6.1. Advance/Decline Line (A/D Line)

Advance/Decline Line (A/D Line) indicator
Advance/Decline Line (A/D Line) indicator

Advance/Decline Line is the most classic and widely used market breadth indicator.

  • What it’s for: Measuring the number of rising stocks versus falling stocks, spotting divergences and gauging market sentiments.
  • Best timeframes: Daily.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

The A/D Line is a running total. Each day, it takes the number of advancing stocks in an index (like the S&P 500) and subtracts the number of declining stocks.

Example: To illustrate this powerful market signal with a historical example: In late 2021, as the S&P 500 pushed to new all-time highs, the A/D Line was failing to confirm those highs. This bearish divergence is one of the most powerful share market signals for identifying a weakening market trend (StockCharts.com, 2024).

6.2. Percentage of Stocks above a Moving Average

Percentage of Stocks above a Moving Average indicator
Percentage of Stocks above a Moving Average indicator

The chart above shows that Percentage of Stocks above a Moving Average is a powerful indicator for assessing the true strength and breadth of participation in a market trend.

  • What it’s for: Gauges broad market participation in a trend.
  • Best timeframes: Daily.
  • Complexity: Intermediate.

This indicator simply plots the percentage of stocks in an index that are currently trading above a key moving average, like the 50-day or 200-day SMA.

Example: During the market bottom of October 2022, the percentage of S&P 500 stocks trading above their 200-day moving average dropped to single digits (below 10%). Such an extreme reading is a sign of widespread panic and capitulation, often marking a major long-term buying opportunity (MacroMicro, 2024).

6.3. New Highs-New Lows indicator

New Highs-New Lows indicator
New Highs-New Lows indicator

New Highs-New Lows indicator tracks the number of stocks making new 52-week highs versus those making new 52-week lows.

  • What it’s for: It confirms the trend by tracking the number of stocks making new highs versus new lows, spots weaknesses and gives oversold/overbought signals
  • Best timeframes: Daily, Weekly.
  • Complexity: Beginner.

A strong and healthy bull market is often defined by a large and consistent number of stocks reaching new 52-week highs.

Example: A healthy bull market is confirmed when there is a consistently high number of stocks making new 52-week highs. If an index is rising but the NH-NL indicator is falling, it’s a warning that the rally’s internal health is deteriorating, often preceding a market correction.

6.4. McClellan Oscillator

McClellan Oscillator indicator
McClellan Oscillator indicator

This chart shows that McClellan Oscillator is a more complex and sensitive measure of market breadth.

  • What it’s for: Identify overbought/oversold conditions, spot divergences and confirms the trend
  • Best timeframes: Daily.
  • Complexity: Advanced.

The McClellan Oscillator takes the difference between the number of advancing and declining stocks and smooths it with two different exponential moving averages. It creates a fast-moving oscillator that moves above and below a zero line.

To illustrate how this indicator signals extreme market panic, consider the COVID-19 crash:

Example: During the market crash driven by COVID-19 in March 2020, the McClellan Oscillator plummeted to extreme low readings (well below the −100 level). Such extreme negative readings signaled a state of capitulation and intense selling pressure, which often marks the trough of a market decline and the start of a major buying opportunity (StockCharts.com, 2024).

Note:This is an illustrative application of the indicator based on a historic market event.

6.5. Arms Index (TRIN)

Arms Index (TRIN) indicator
Arms Index (TRIN) indicator

Often referred to as the Short-Term Trading Index (TRIN), this is a well-known sentiment indicator.

  • What it’s for: Identifying short-term market sentiment and confirming trends. Swing traders and day traders often use this for spotting short-term reversals or market extremes (panic/euphoria).
  • Best timeframes: Daily.
  • Complexity: Advanced.

The TRIN indicator functions by comparing the advance/decline ratio of stocks with the advance/decline ratio of their corresponding volume.

The TRIN formula is a ratio of two ratios:

This formula allows the indicator to look past the number of stocks advancing or declining (breadth) and assess the true conviction behind that movement by incorporating volume. A low TRIN reading (typically below 1.0) suggests strong buying pressure.

Example: As a contrarian indicator, TRIN’s signals are inverse. A TRIN reading that spikes above 3.0, as it did during the March 2020 crash (historical example), suggests extreme panic and indiscriminate selling. This extreme level often occurs at or near a major market bottom, signaling a high probability of an imminent reversal (Corporate Finance Institute, 2024).

7. How to use technical indicators in trading?

Learning about individual indicators is the first step. The real skill of a trader is learning how to combine the tools from the above list into a coherent system. A successful trading strategy is like a team of experts, each with a specific job.

A coach wouldn’t ask their star striker to play in goal. In the same way, a trader shouldn’t expect a trend indicator to do an indicator’s job. Each tool has a specialized purpose, using it effectively can help in reading the overall market accurately.

7.1. When to use momentum vs. trend indicators?

Making this distinction is the most fundamental part of technical analysis. Before a trader even looks at an indicator, their first job is to diagnose the market’s current personality. The effectiveness of any tool depends on your trading style.

  • If the market is in a clear, strong trend: Ideal to use trend indicators like Moving Averages and the Supertrend. Their job is to keep you on the right side of the market. Avoid using sensitive oscillators like Stochastic and RSI , as they may generate many false trend reversals signals.
  • If the market is choppy and moving sideways in a range: Switching to momentum tools like the RSI would be ideal. These tools are designed to find overbought and oversold turning points. Using a trend indicator like a Moving Average here can be less effective, as the prices move back and forth across it without showing a clear trend.

7.2. Using volatility and volume indicator as filters

These two families of indicators are your “truth detectors”. They function as complementary indicators and provide the crucial context that can turn a good signal into a great one, or warn you to stay away from a bad one.

  • Volatility indicators (like ATR and Standard Deviation) are your risk managers. ATR helps to determine stop loss size, ensuring risk is controlled. A low price fluctuation reading from the Standard Deviation gives you confidence to trade a potential breakout.
  • Volume indicators (like OBV) are your conviction gauges. A breakout on a price chart is interesting. One that is confirmed by a new high in the OBV is a high-confidence trade. It tells you the ‘smart money’ is backing the move. Moves without volume confirmation warrant caution and are unreliable.

7.3. Strategy example: The MACD + Stochastic combo

The MACD + Stochastic combo is a well-known strategy that pairs a trend indicator with a momentum indicator for confirmation. The following are just some basic indicator examples to illustrate the concept.

  • The logic: We use the slower MACD to identify the primary direction and the faster oscillator to find a precise, low-risk entry point on a pullback.

The Trade rules:

  • Trend: The MACD must be trading above its zero line.
  • Pullback: Wait for the oscillator to drop into the oversold zone (<20).
  • Entry: Enter when the Stochastic Oscillator gives a bullish crossover while still in the oversold zone.

7.4. How to set your stop loss and take profit with indicators

Indicators are fantastic for more than just entries; they provide objective levels for managing your trade, giving you clear trading signals for when to exit.

  • When setting a stop loss, the ATR is your best tool. A common method is to place it at a distance of 2x its current value from your entry. Parabolic SAR and Supertrend are also great tools for a dynamic trailing stop.
  • Setting a take profit: Oscillators like the RSI and Stochastic Oscillator are excellent for this. If you are in a long trade and the RSI moves into the overbought zone (>70), it’s a logical and objective signal to consider taking profit. Another method is to use the bands and take profit when the price touches the opposite outer band.

8. Frequently asked questions about Technical indicators

Here are some quick, no-nonsense answers to the most important questions that new traders have when they first dive into the world of indicators.

There is no single “best” one. The most effective indicators are the ones you understand deeply and can consistently use in your specific trading styles. A trend-follower might say the EMA is best, while a range trader will swear by the Stochastic Oscillator. Ultimately, it depends on your strategy and approach to risk management.

Less is more. I have found that the most profitable trading systems are often the simplest. An overloaded chart with too many indicators can lead to “analysis paralysis” from conflicting trading signals. A good rule of thumb is to use no more than three or four that each serve a different purpose.

No. This is a crucial point. Indicators are historical calculators; they are not crystal balls. While indicators are powerful confirmation tools, they should always be used in the context of price action, market structure, and a solid risk management plan.

While there are many “main” indicators, the three that are most often referred to as the foundation of technical analysis are:

  • Moving Averages (EMA/SMA): For trend direction.
  • Relative Strength Index (RSI): For momentum and overbought/oversold levels.
  • Average True Range (ATR): For price fluctuation and risk management.

Yes, absolutely. The principles of technical analysis, analyzing trends and price fluctuation, are universal. The same share indicator or tool, like the RSI, Moving Averages are used effectively by traders in all financial markets, including the stock market, forex, crypto, and commodities.

9. Conclusion

Navigating the financial markets without technical analysis is like trying to sail across an ocean without a compass. The vast number of tools available can seem overwhelming, but as this guide has shown, they can be organized into a clear and understandable toolkit.

By learning to use the right indicator for the right job such as trend indicator for direction, momentum indicator for strength, volatility and volume indicator for confirmation, you can transform a chaotic chart into a clear map of market dynamics.

Remember, no single tool on this technical indicators list is a complete system. The most successful traders combine a few indicators they understand deeply with solid price action analysis and disciplined risk management.

This guide is your first step. The journey to mastery continues by applying this knowledge, testing these tools, and building your own robust system with the best technical indicators for trading. To continue learning, explore more advanced strategies in our other guides right here on Piprider.

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  2. Fidelity Investments. (2024). Parabolic SAR. Retrieved from https://www.fidelity.com/learning-center/trading-investing/technical-analysis/technical-indicator-guide/psar
  3. Fidelity Investments. (2024). Standard Deviation Indicator. Retrieved from https://www.fidelity.com/learning-center/trading-investing/technical-analysis/technical-indicator-guide/standard-deviation
  4. Investopedia. (2024). On-Balance Volume (OBV) Indicator: Formula and Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/onbalancevolume.asp
  5. Investopedia. (2024). Trend-Spotting with the Accumulation/Distribution Line. Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/08/accumulation-distribution-line.asp
  6. MacroMicro. (2024). US – S&P 500 Stocks above 200-Day Average. Retrieved from https://en.macromicro.me/series/22718/sp-500-200ma-breadth
  7. StockCharts.com. (2024). Advance-Decline Line – ChartSchool. Retrieved from https://chartschool.stockcharts.com/table-of-contents/market-indicators/advance-decline-line
  8. Wilder, J. W., Jr. (1978). New concepts in technical trading systems. Trend Research.

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